Castleton, NY to Central, PA

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Castleton, p-v., Schodack t., Rensselaer co., N. Y., 8 s. by e. Albany, 362 W. Situated on the e. bank of Hudson r. Incorporated in 1827. It has a Methodist church, 5 stores, 3 store houses, 6 brick yards, 50 dwellings, and about 350 inhabitants. It has 5 sloops employed on the r.

Castleton, t., Richmond co., N. Y., 155 s. Albany. It is situated on the n. end of Staten Island. It contains the villages of Tompkinsville and New Brighton. The surface of the t. is hilly and broken, but the soil is generally fertile, and well cultivated. It has 25 stores, cap. $30,800; 1 lumber yard, cap. $10,000: 1 tannery, 5 flouring m., 2 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $238,405. 11 sch. 520 scholars. Pop. 2,263.

Castor, t., Madison co., Mo. It has 2 sch. 45 scholars. Pop. 624.

Caswell, County, N. C. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 400 sq. ms. Drained by Dan r. and its branches. The soil is productive, and the climate healthy. Capital, Yanceyville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,836, sheep 10,075, swine 26,787; wheat 78,632 bush, produced, rye 2,890, Ind. corn 509,480, oats 121,885, potatoes 15,528, tobacco 3,665,342 pounds, cotton 82,649; 22 stores, cap. $206,500; 1 cotton fac. 1,008 sp., 6 tanneries, 14 distilleries, 6 flour-ing ra., 21 grist m., 16 saw m., 4 oil m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $134,630. 4 acad. 109 students, 16 sch. 307 scholars. Pop. 1830, 15,188; 1840, whites 7,343, slaves 7,024, free col'd 326; total, 14,693.

Catawba, p-o., Chester dist., S. C., 62 n. Columbia, 456 W.

Catahoola, Parish, La. Situated toward the n. e. part of the state, and contains 2,100 sq. ms. It has Tensas r. on its e. border, and Wachita r., and Macon and Boeuff Bayous, pass through it. The e. part is liable to be overflowed; but in the w. part, it rises into moderate hills. In this part, the water is good, but the land is sterile, covered mostly with pine timber. On the streams, where it is not overflowed, the soil is fertile. Capital, Harrisonburg. There were in 1840, neat cattle 13,138, sheep 861, swine 19,931; Ind. corn 120,986 bush, produced, potatoes 13,057, cotton 2,499,400 pounds; 5 stores, cap. $31,600; 51 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $28,250. 1 acad. 50 students, 5 sch. 103 scholars. Pop. 1830, 2,581; 1840, whites 2,935, slaves 1,998, free col'd 22; total, 4,955.

Catahoola, river, La., rises in Claiborne par., and enters a lake on the s. part of Catahoola parish; and after passing through it, emerges a river, which enters Wachita r. This lake, which is of considerable dimensions, is filled at high water, and drained nearly or quite dry, when the r. is low.

Catawba, r. (See Santee r.)

Catawba, p-o., Clark co., O., 34 w. Columbus, 427 W.

Catawba Creek, p-o., Lincoln co., N. C, 188 w. by s. Raleigh, 427 W.

Catawba Springs, p-v., Lincoln co., N. C, 158 w. by s. Raleigh, 395 W.

Catawba View, p-o., Caldwell co., N. C, 173 w. by s. Raleigh, 410 W. Situated on the s. side of Catawba r.

Catawissa, p-t., Columbia co., Pa., 81 n. n. e. Harrisburg, 191 W. The v. is situated on the Susquehanna r., at the mouth of the Catawissa cr. The Little Schuylkill and Catawissa rail-road passes through it. It has 2 furnaces and 2 forges, 3 stores, cap. $25,000; 2 tanneries, 1 paper fac, 2 flouring m., 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $24,425. 1 acad. 50 students, 7 sch. 228 scholars. Pop. 2,064.

Catawissa Forge, p-v., Catawissa t., Columbia co., Pa., 87 n. n. e. Harrisburg, 197 W.

Catawissa Valley, p-o., Schuylkill co., Pa., 87 Harrisburg, 197 W.

Catfish, p-o., Marion dist., S. C, 138 e. Columbia, 431 W.

Catharines, p-t., Chemung co., N. Y., 16 n. Elmira, 182 w. by s. Albany, 295 W. The surface is hilly; soil, clay, loam, and gravelly. Drained by Catharines cr., which flows into Seneca Lake. Cayuta cr., in the n. part of the t., flows into the Susquehanna r. In the v. there are 2 churches, 1 Episcopal and 1 Methodist, 2 stores, 1 tannery, and about 20 dwellings. Pop. of the t. 2,424. It has 1 furnace; 20 stores, cap. $62,550; 1 tannery, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 1 flouring m., 2 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $65,770. 12 sch. 680 scholars.

Cathey's Creek, p-o., Buncombe co., N. C., 294 w. Raleigh, 524 W.

Catlettsburg, p-v., Greenup co., Ky., 150 e. n. e. Frankfort, 410 W. It is on the Ohio r., below the mouth of Big Sandy r., in the extreme n. e. part of the state. It contains only 2 or 3 houses.

Catlin, t., Chemung co., N. Y., 10 n. Elmira, 190 w. s. w. Albany. The surface is hilly; soil, gravelly loam. Drained by Catharine's cr. on the n., and by tributaries of Chemung r. s. It has 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,750. 3 sch. 92 scholars. Pop. 1,119.

Cato, p-t., Cayuga co., N. Y., 13 n. Auburn, 163 w. by n. Albany, 349 W. The surface is undulating, and the soil, a fertile sandy loam. It has several swamps and small lakes. Seneca r., which flows through its s. part, enters and passes through Cross lake in its s. e. part. The v. has 1 church, 2 stores, and about 25 dwellings. Pop. of the t. 2,380. It has 1 furnace, 3 stores, cap. 915,700; 1 tannery, 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,180. 1 acad. 17 students, 13 sch. 872 scholars.

Cato, p-o., Clay co., Ill., 126 Springfield, 752 W.

Cato Four Corners, p-o., Cato t., Cayuga co., N. Y., 165 w. by n. Albany, 351 W.

Catonsville, p-v., Baltimore co., Md., 36 N. Annapolis, 46 W.

Caton, t., Steuben co., N. Y., 25 s. e. Bath, 216 w. s. w. Albany. The surface is hilly; soil, gravelly loam. Watered by tributaries of Chemung r., which afford water power. It has 2 stores, cap. $8,000; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,440. 5 sch. 237 scholars. Pop. 797.

Catron, p-o., Lawrence co., Tenn., 73 s. s. w. Nashville, 750 W.

Catskill, p-t., capital of Greene co., N. Y., 34 s. Albany, 336 W. The surface is hilly and mountainous on the w., but level toward the Hudson r., which washes its e. border. The soil is clay, sand, and loam, underlaid with slate, limestone, and graywacke. Drained by Catskill cr. and its tributaries. The v. is pleasantly situated on both sides of Catskill cr., near its junction with the Hudson River. Incorporated in 1806. It has a court house, a jail, 5 churches, 1 Presbyterian, 1 Dutch Reformed, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist, 2 banking houses, 20 stores, 20 groceries, 2 bookstores, various mechanic establishments, 2 furnaces, 1 brewery, 400 dwellings, and 2,800 inhabitants. Pop. of the t. 5,339. There are owned here 1 steamboat, 4 barges, and several sloops, employed between this place and New York City. A ferry here crosses the Hudson. The Catskill and Canajoharie railroad commences here, and is finished and in operation 26 miles of the distance. The t. has 31 stores, cap. $130,200; 1 lumber yard, cap. $10,000; 2 com. houses, cap. $73,780; 3 fulling m., 1 woolen fac, 2 furnaces, 2 tanneries, 1 powder m., 2 printing offices, 1 bindery, 2 weekly newspapers, 1 flouring m., 4 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. m manufac. $162,700. 19 sch. 541 scholars.

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Pine Orchard, a favorite summer resort, is situated on the brow of the Catskill mountains, in the s. E. part of the town, where is a large and commodious hotel, called the "Mountain House," elevated 2,212 feet above the Hudson r., and commanding a very extensive and beautiful view of die Hudson r., and the country to the e., extending to the Green mountain range, in Massachusetts and Vermont. Nowhere can more wild and romantic scenery be found than at this spot. A little to the w. of the hotel are 2 ponds, the outlets of which unite, and proceed by falls and rapids, in a deep ravine, to the plain below. The first fall is 180 feet perpendicular, and within a short distance is a second fall of about 80 feet. By a circuitous path the traveler can pass down and go under the rock, and behind the water of the first fall, which presents a singular and interesting view. The spectator in this mountain eyrie often sees thunder storms discharging themselves on the valley beneath him, while he enjoys a clear sky. A road is constructed from the steamboat landing on the Hudson, on which stages constantly run for the transportation of travelers, to and from the Mountain House, which is 12 ms. distant from Catskill village.

Catskill Mountains, N. Y., rise in Ulster co., and extending through Green and Schoharie counties, bend, increscent form, toward the Mohawk r. Round Top, the highest peak, measured by the barometer, is 3,804 feet above tide water, and a second peak is 3,718 feet. On the E. front the mountain is precipitous; but on the w. side, the descent is comparatively gentle. In these mountains the bear, the wolf, the wildcat, and the deer, are still to be found.

Cattaraugus, County, N. Y., situated in the w. part of the state, contains 1,232 sq. ms. The surface is elevated. Cattaraugus cr. and its tributaries flow n. into Lake Erie, while the Alleghany r. with its tributaries, in the s. part, flows toward the Gulf of Mexico. The soil is fertile, and adapted to grazing. Cattle and lumber are extensively exported. Peat, marl, bog iron ore, manganese and sulphur, and saline springs are found. The Genesee Valley canal extends from Rochester to Olean, in this county, and the New York and Erie railroad is designed to pass through it. Capital, Ellicottville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 35,566, sheep 66,525, swine 22,533; wheat 127,665 bush, produced, rye 1,112, Ind. corn 81,202, buckwheat 8,377, barley 10,134, oats 254,339, potatoes 452,353, hops 1,050 pounds, sugar 553,235; 59 stores, cap. $214,900; 6 fulling m., 2 woolen fac, 24 tanneries, 1 pottery, 1 distillery, 26 grist m.,135 saw m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $495,425. 3 acad. 140 students, 189 sch. 7,722 scholars. Pop. 1830, 16,726; 1840, 28,872.

Caughnawaga, v., Mohawk t., Montgomery co., N. Y. Situated on the n. side of Mohawk r., connected with Fulton v., opposite, by a toll bridge. It contains 1 Dutch Reformed church, erected in 1766, 2 stores, 30 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants.

Cauleysyille, p-v., Covington co., Ala., 199 s. s. e. Tuscaloosa, 895 W.

Cavehill, p-o., Greene co., Tenn., 271 e. Nashville, 450 W.

Cavendish, p-t., Windsor co., Vt., 74 s. Montpelier, 466 W. Watered by Black r. and Twenty Mile stream. At the falls on Black r. the channel of the r. has been worn down 100 feet deep, and rocks of very large dimensions have been undermined and thrown down one upon another. First settled in 1769. It has 5 stores, cap. $25,000; 13 fulling m., 1 woolen fac, 4 tanneries, 2 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $94,250. 17 sch. 426 scholars. Pop- 1,427.

Cave Spring, p-o., Floyd co., Ga., 178 n. w. Milledgeville, 689 W.

Cave Spring, p-o., Maury co., Tenn., 54 s. s. w. Nashville, 730 W.

Cave Spring, p-o., Pulaski co., Mo., 115 s Jefferson City, 1,030 W.

Cavetown, p-v., Washington co., Md., 107 n. w. Annapolis, 77 W.

Cayuga, County, N. Y. Situated centrally in the n. part of the state, and contains 648 sq. ms. It extends n. to Lake Ontario. It has a productive soil, and is well watered. It has salt springs, which were formerly worked, and are second in the state only to those of Onondaga. Gypsum is also found, and several sulphur springs. Owasco lake lies in the centre of the co., and Cayuga Lake on its w. border, and Skeneateles lake on its E. border. Seneca r. flows through it. The Erie Canal and the Western railroad pass through it. Capital. Auburn. There were in 1840, neat cattle 45,516, sheep 188,152, swine 63,153; wheat 578,436 bush, produced, rye 3,321, Ind. corn. 568,011, buckwheat 40,669, barley 81,440, oats 527,038, potatoes 687,305, hops 2,615 pounds, sugar 206,545; 3,250 bush, salt produced; 3 commission houses in for. trade, cap. $7,000; 165 stores, cap. $784,547; 7 lumber yards, cap. $16,800; 7 furnaces, 22 fulling m., 8 woolen fac, 2 cotton fac 6,184 sp., 1 dyeing and print establishment, 29 tanneries, 4 distilleries, 1 brewery, 1 rope fac, 9 flouring m., 42 grist m., 112 saw m., 1 oil m., 2 paper fac, 4 printing offices, 1 bindery, 1 daily, 3 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufactures $1,304,375. 1 college, 48 students, 8 acad. 601 students, 311 sch. 16,243 scholars. Pop. 1830, 47,948; 1840,50,338.

Cayuga Lake, N. Y., lies between Seneca and Tompkins counties, is 40 ms. long, and from 1 to 3£ broad. It is very deep, and has fine fish. A steamboat passes through it from Cayuga bridge to Ithaca, calling at the intermediate places. Its shores are highly cultivated. Its outlet flows into Seneca r.

Cayuga, p-v., Aurelius t., Cayuga co., N. Y., 162 w. by n. Albany, 339 W. It is situated on the n. e. part of Cayuga lake, and contains 3 stores, 1 church, 50 dwellings, and about 300 inhabitants. Here is a bridge across Cayuga Lake over a mile in length, and a railroad bridge, still longer. A steamboat runs from this place to Ithaca, at the head of the lake, 40 miles.

Cayuga, p-o., Jackson co., Mich., 100 w. Detroit, 570 W

Cayuga, p-o., Hinds co., Miss., 37 s. w. Jackson, 1,047 W.

Cayuta, p-t., Chemung co., N. Y., 12 n. e. Elmira, 188 w. s. w. Albany, 289 W. The surface is hilly and broken, and the natural growth hemlock and pine. Drained by Cayuta cr. and its tributaries. It has 2 stores, cap. $6,000; 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 7 saw. Capital in manufactures, $11,580. 6 sch. 225 scholars. Pop. 835.

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Cazenovia, p-t., Madison co., N. Y., 113 w. by n. Albany, 348 W. The surface is elevated and undulating; and the soil, a fertile gravelly loam. Watered by Cazenovia lake and Chittenango or., which flows n. into Oneida lake. It has 16 stores, rap. $62,370; 5 fulling m., 3 woolen fac, 6 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 1 paper fac, 4 printing olfi-ce8, 1 bindery, 1 weekly newspaper, 2 periodicals, 6 grist m., 16 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $236,905. 1 acad. 399 students, 32 sch. 1,117 scholars. Pop. 4,153.

Cazenovia, p-o., Cook co., Ill., 215 n. e. by n. Springfield, 728 W.

Cearcy, t., Phillips co., Ark. Pop. 359.

Cecil, County, Md., situated in the n. e. part of the state, and contains 264 sq. ms. The surface is undulating, and the soil moderately good. It is favorably situated for commerce, being accessible by the Chesapeake Bay, which bounds it on the w. The Susquehanna r. runs on its vv. border, and Elk r. penetrates its central part. The Chesapeake and Delaware canal passes through it, Capital, Elkton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,779, sheep 8,936, swine 13,854; wheat 107,238 bush, produced, rye 1,802, Ind. corn 276,621, buckwheat 6,480, oats 254,891, potatoes 40,731, hops 583 pounds; 71 stores, cap. $141,675; 5 lumber yards, cap. $17,000; 5 forges, 3 fulling m., 3 woolen fac, 2 cotton fac. 124 sp., 5 tanneries, 1 pottery, 1 flouring m., 27 grist in., 35 saw m., 5 paper fac, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $109,838. 3 acad. 107 students, 29 sch. 1,050 scholars. Pop. 1830, 15,432; 1840, whites 13,329, slaves 1,352, free col'd 2,551; total, 17,232.

Ceciltown, p-v., Cecil co., Md., 78 n. e. Annapolis, 112 W.

Cecil, t., Washington co., Pa., 10 n. e. Washington, Pa. The surface is various; soil, loam. Coal is abundant. Miller's branch of Chartiers cr. passes through it. It contains a Presbyterian church. It has 3 stores, cap. $6,000; 3 flouring m., 3 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufactures, $8,000; 3 sch. 105 scholars. Pop. 1,027.

Cecil's Tavern, p-o., Anne Arundel co., Md., 30 n. w. Annapolis, 33 W.

Cedar, County, Iowa, situated in the central part of the Ter. Watered by Cedar cr. and its branches, Rock run, Rock cr., and Sugar cr. Wabesipinica r. passes through its n. e. corner. Capital, Tipton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 1,274, sheep 328, swine 345; wheat 14,464 bush, produced, Ind. corn 49,317, oats 12,120, potatoes 8,731, sugar 13,529 pounds; 3 stores, cap. $1,500; 2 flouring m., 5 grist m., 4 saw m. Pop. 1,253.

Cedar, t., Boone co., Mo. Pop. 3,313.

Cedar, t., Callaway co., Mo. It has 2 sch. 50 scholars. Pop. 1,896.

Cedar, p-o., Livingston co., Mich., 59 w. by n. Detroit, 562 W.

Cedar Bluff, p-v., capital of Cherokee co., Ala., 152 n. e. Tuscaloosa, 677 W.

Cedar Branch, p-o., Campbell co., Ga.

Cedar Creek, t., Cooper co., Mo. It has 2 sch. 42 scholars. Pop. 664.

Cedar Creek, p-o., Monmouth co., N. J., 46 s. e. Trenton, 207 W.

Cedar Creek, p-v. and hundred, Sussex co., Del. It has 5 stores, cap. $6,500; 10 grist m., 6 saw m., 2 sch. 27 scholars. Pop. 2,420.

Cedar Creek, p-o., Frederick co., Va., 158 n. n. w. Richmond, 86 W.

Cedar Creek, p-o., Richland dist., S. C., 14 e. Columbia, 514 W.

Cedar Creek, p-o., Dooly co., Ga., 103 s. s. w. Milledgeville, 760 W.

Cedar Creek, p-o., Owen co., Ky., 17 n. Frankfort, 559 W.

Cedar Creek, t., Allen co., Ia. It has 1 sch., 35 scholars. Pop. 189.

Cedar Creek, p-o., Greene co., Tenn., 253 e. Nashville, 451 W.

Cedar Creek, p-o., Warren co., Ill., 127 n. w. Springfield, 857 W.

Cedar Creek, p-o., Lowndes co., Miss., 143 n. e. Jackson, 897 W.

Cedar Creek Mills, p-o., Stephenson co., Ill., 206 n. Springfield, 838 W.

Cedar Grove, p-o., Orange co., N. C., 48 n. w. Raleigh, 284 W.

Cedar Grove, p-o., Union dist., S. C., 76 n. w. Columbia, 470 W.

Cedar Grove, p-o., Wilson co., Tenn., 25 e. Nashville, 659 W.

Cedar Grove, p-o., Jefferson co., Ala., 95 n. e. Tuscaloosa, 749 W.

Cedar Grove, p-o., Franklin co., Ia., 76 e. s. e. Indianapolis, 521 W.

Cedar Grove Mills, p-o., Rockbridge co., Va., 153 w. Richmond, 195 W. It contains 2 stores, and 1 flouring m.

Cedar Hill, p-o., Bethlehem t., Albany co., N. Y., 8 s. by w. Albany, 363 W.

Cedar Hill, p-o., Anson co., N. C., 155 s. w. Raleigh, 400 W.

Cedar Lake, p-o., Calhoun co., Mich., 110 w. Detroit, 575 W.

Cedar Lake, p-o., Lake co., Ia.

Cedar Lawn, p-o., Lunenburg co., Va., 104 s. w. Richmond, 220 W.

Cedar Plains, p-o., Morgan co., Ala., 124 n. n. e. Tuscaloosa, 747 W.

Cedar River, p-o., Cedar co., Iowa.

Cedar Shoals, p-o., Chester dist., S. C., 57 n. Columbia, 450 W.

Cedar Spring, p-o., Cumberland co., Pa.

Cedar Springs, p-o., Spartanburg dist., S. C., 96 n. w. Columbia, 477 W

Cedar Swamp, p-v., Oyster Bay t., Queens co., N. Y., 173 s. by e. Albany, 253 W.

Cedartown, p-v., capital of Paulding co., Ga., 151 n. w. Milledgeville, 691 W. Situated on the n. side of Tallapoosa r. It contains the usual county buildings.

Cedar Valley, p-o., Wayne co., O.

Cedarville, p-v., Litchfield t., Herkimer co., N. Y., 79 w. by n. Albany, 333 W. It has 2 churches, 2 stores, 1 tannery, and a number of dwellings.

Cedarville, p-v., Fairfield t., Cumberland co., N. J., 75 s. by w. Trenton, 186 W. It is pleasantly situated on Cedar cr., 4 ms. from its mouth. It has 1 store, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., an extensive button fac. and 60 dwellings. It has some trade in wood and lumber.

Cedarville, p-o., Washington co., Va., 297 w. by s. Richmond, 365 W.

Celina, p-v., capital of Mercer co., O., 127 w. n. w. Columbus, 507 W. Situated on the n. of the Grand Reservoir of the Miami canal, which will be 10 ms. long and 5 broad, when completed. It has a court house, 1 Presbyterian church, 3 stores, 75 dwellings, and about 500 inhabitants.

Celina, p-o., Jackson co., Tenn., 91 e. Nashville, 630 W.

Centennary College, p-o., Rankin County, Miss.

Central, t., St. Louis co., Mo. It has 5 sch. 135 scholars. Pop. 1,924.

Central, p-o., Columbia co., Pa., 118 n. by e. Harrisburg, 22S W.

Table of Contents

Source: A Complete Descriptive And Statistical Gazetteer Of The United States Of America, By Daniel Haskel, A. M and J. Calvin Smith, Published By Sherman & Smith, 1843

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